Menelaah Kembali Peran Maṣlaḥah sebagai Sumber, Metode, dan Tujuan Hukum Islam

Diterbitkan: 2026-01-31
DOI: https://doi.org/10.58518/al-faruq.v5i1.4643
Kata Kunci: Maṣlaḥah, Maqāṣid al-Syarī’ah, Hukum Islam, Maṣlaḥah Mursalah, Ijtihād
Creative Commons BY-SA

Maṣlaḥah merupakan salah satu prinsip fundamental dalam hukum Islam yang berfungsi tidak hanya sebagai tujuan hukum, tetapi juga sebagai sumber dan metode dalam penalaran hukum Islam. Artikel ini mengkaji kembali konsep maṣlaḥah, khususnya maṣlaḥah mursalah, sebagai dasar ijtihād dalam situasi ketika tidak ditemukan dalil tekstual yang eksplisit, serta keterkaitannya dengan maqāṣid al-syarī’ah. Melalui analisis pemikiran para ulama uṣūl al-fiqh seperti al-Ghazali, Abdul Wahhab Khallaf, dan Najm al-Din al-Thufi, kajian ini menunjukkan adanya spektrum pendekatan terhadap maṣlaḥah, mulai dari pendekatan restriktif hingga progresif. Selanjutnya, klasifikasi maṣlaḥah ke dalam tiga tingkatan: ḍarūriyyah, ḥājiyyah, dan taḥsīniyyah yang menegaskan perannya dalam menjaga relevansi, fleksibilitas, dan orientasi normatif hukum Islam di tengah dinamika perubahan sosial. Kajian ini menegaskan bahwa maṣlaḥah bukan sekadar unsur pelengkap dalam hukum Islam, melainkan instrumen penting dalam mewujudkan kemaslahatan umat dan menjaga tujuan-tujuan syariat.

Kata Kunci: Maṣlaḥah, Maqāṣid al-Syarī’ah, Hukum Islam, Maṣlaḥah Mursalah, Ijtihād
Cara Mengutip
Menelaah Kembali Peran Maṣlaḥah sebagai Sumber, Metode, dan Tujuan Hukum Islam. (2026). Al-Faruq: Jurnal Hukum Ekonomi Syariah Dan Hukum Islam, 5(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.58518/al-faruq.v5i1.4643

Alwi Ibrahim Lubis

Universitas Islam Negeri Syekh Ali Hasan Ahmad Addary Padangsidimpuan, Indonesia

Anri Habibi Harahap

Universitas Islam Negeri Syekh Ali Hasan Ahmad Addary Padangsidimpuan, Indonesia

Uswatun Hasanah

Universitas Islam Negeri Syekh Ali Hasan Ahmad Addary Padangsidimpuan, Indonesia

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