Bimbingan dan Konseling: Analisis Pola Asuh Orang Tua terhadap Keterlambatan Bicara pada Anak Usia Dini
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Published:
Aug 27, 2024
Keywords:
Kata Kunci: Pola Asuh; Keterlambatan Bicara; Anak Usia Dini., Keterlambatan Bicara, Pola asuh, Anak Usia Dini
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Abstract
Faktor utama yang mempengaruhi keterlambatan bicara pada anak adalah pola asuh orang tua. Pola asuh orang tua yang kurang tepat bagi anak usia dini di masa perkembangannya menjadi penyebab utama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara pola asuh orang tua dengan keterlambatan bicara pada anak. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kajian pustaka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebanyakan orang tua menerapkan pola asuh permisif dalam mendidik dan merawat anak. Pola asuh permisif ini menyebabkan keterlambatan bicara pada anak karena kesibukan orang tua, rendahnya tingkat pendidikan orang tua, kurangnya stimulasi, kurangnya dukungan positif dari lingkungan, serta keinginan orang tua agar anak mampu berbahasa asing.
Kata Kunci: Pola Asuh; Keterlambatan Bicara; Anak Usia Dini.
The main factor influencing speech delay in children is parenting. Parenting patterns that are not appropriate for early childhood during their development contribute to this issue. The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between parenting styles and children's speech delays. The research method used in this study is library research. The results show that parents often apply permissive parenting in educating and caring for their children. Permissive parenting causes speech delays in children due to parents' busyness, low levels of parental education, lack of stimulation, lack of positive environmental support and interaction, as well as parents' desire for their children to be able to speak a foreign language.
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Amanullah, A. S. R., Zaskia Salsabilla Rachma, & Siti nur syarifah. (2024). Bimbingan dan Konseling: Analisis Pola Asuh Orang Tua terhadap Keterlambatan Bicara pada Anak Usia Dini. ALMURTAJA: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam Anak Usia Dini, 3(1), 30-39. Retrieved from https://ejournal.iai-tabah.ac.id/index.php/almurtaja/article/view/2669
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Tirtawani, D., Suryani, N., & Adriani, R. B. (2016). The Relationship Between Child Nurturing Pattern, Family Support, and Language Competence in Children Aged 5-6 Years with Auditory Disorder. Journal of Maternal and Child Health, 1(3), 188–194. https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2016.01.03.06
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Zed, M. (2008). Metode Penelitian Kepustakaan (1st ed.). Yayasan Obor Indonesia.
Bakken, L., Brown, N., & Downing, B. (2017). Early Childhood Education: The Long-Term Benefits. Journal of Research in Childhood Education. https://doi.org/10.1080/02568543.2016.1273285
Berk, L. E. (2012). Development Through the Lifespan (kelima). Pustaka Pelajar.
Chen, M., & Chan, K. L. (2015). Effects of Parenting Programs on Child Maltreatment Prevention: A Meta-Analysis. Trauma, Violence, and Abuse, 17(1), 88–104. https://doi.org/10.1177/1524838014566718
Fika, Y., Meilanie, S. M., & Frindani, L. (2019). Peningkatan Kemampuan Bicara Anak melalui Bermain Peran Berbasis Budaya. Jurnal Obsesi : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v4i1.229
Fitriyani, F., Sumantri, S. M., & Supena, A. (2019). Language development and social emotions in children with speech delay: case study of 9 year olds in elementary school. Jurnal Konseling Dan Pendidikan.
Foley, J., & Thompson, L. (2003). Language Learning. Routledge.
Golinkof, R. M., Can, D. D., Soderstrom, M., & Hirsh-Pasek, K. (2015). (Baby)Talk to Me: The Social Context of Infant-Directed Speech and Its Effects on Early Language Acquisition. Current Directions in Psychological Science. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721415595345
Hartono, F., Selina, H. H. Z., & Fitra, S. (2016). Pengaruh Perkembangan Bahasa Terhadap Perkembangan Kognitif Anak Usia 1-3 Tahun. Sari Pediatri, 12(6), 386. https://doi.org/10.14238/sp12.6.2011.386-90
Hurlock, E. B. (1999). Chlid Development Jilid II, terjemahan. Erlangga.
Joni. (2015). Hubungan pola asuh orang tua terhadap perkembangan bahasa anak prasekolah (3-5 tahun) di PAUD Al-Hasanah Tahun 2014. PAUD Tambusai, 1(1), 42–48.
Juharta, Y. N. F., Tjalla, A., & Hidayat, D. R. (2015). Belajar Dilihat dari Pola Asuh Authoritative , Authoritarian, dan Permisif. Insight Jurnal, 4(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.21009/INSIGHT.041.18
Kurniasari, L., & Sunarti, S. (2019). Early Detection of Speech Delay and Family Factors. Journal of Public Health in Africa, 10(1), 152–153. https://doi.org/10.4081/jphia.2019.1212
Lake, G., & Evangelou, M. (2019). Let’s Talk! An interactive intervention to support children’s language development. European Early Childhood Education Research Journal, 27(2), 221–240. https://doi.org/10.1080/1350293X.2019.1579549%0D
Lomanowska, A. M., Boivin, M., Hertzman, C., & Fleming, A. S. (2017). Parenting Begets Parenting: A Neurobiological Perspective on Early Adversity and the Transmission of Parenting Styles Across Generations. Neuroscience, 342, 120–139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.09.029
Ma’rifah, A., Suryantini, N. P., & Mardiyana, R. (2018). Strategi Koping Orang Tua terhadap Anak Autis dan Pola Asuh Orang Tua. Journal of Health Sciences, 11(2), 196–204.
Maria, D., & Siringoringo, L. (2020). Hubungan Pendidikan Paud Dengan Perkembangan Bicara Dan Bahasa Pada Anak Usia 36-60 Bulan Di Paud Kasih Ibu Jakarta Utara. Jurnal Keperawatan Cikini, 1(1), 27–34.
Matondang, C. E. H. (2019). Analisis Gangguan Berbicara Cadel. Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Dan Sastra Indonesia, 3(2), 49–59.
McLaughlin, M. R. (2011). Speech and Language Delay in Children. American Family Physician, 83(10), 1183–1188.
Morse, A. F., & Cangelosi, A. (2017). Why Are There Developmental Stages in Language Learning? A Developmental Robotics Model of Language Development. Cognitive Science, 41, 32–51.
Munger, K., Seeley, J., Mender, L., Schroeder, S., & Gau, J. (2019). Effect of Make Parenting a Pleasure on Parenting Skills and Parental Depression. Child & Family Behavior Therapy, 42(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/00168890.2019.1689915
Musfiroh, T. (2017). Psikolinguistik edukasional: psikolinguistik untuk pendidikan bahasa (kedua). Tiara Wacana.
Nasution, M. K. M. (2017). Penelaahan Literatur.
Neam, S. Y., Hodges, R., & Munro, N. (2019). Speech production abilities of 4- to 5-year-old children with and without a history of late talking: The tricky tyrannosaurus Sze Yuen Neam, Elise Baker, Rosemary Hodges & Natalie Munro. International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1080/17549507.2019.1638968
Norcholifah, N., & Oktavia, W. (2019). Keterlambatan Bicara pada Anak Usia 4 Tahun. KLAUSA, 3(2), 79–88. https://doi.org/10.33479/klausa.v3i2.203
Pebriana, P. H. (2017). Analisis Penggunaan Gadget terhadap Kemampuan Interaksi Sosial. Jurnal Obsesi: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v1i1.26
Pinquart, M. (2017). Associations of Parenting Dimensions and Styles with Internalizing Symptoms in Children and Adolescents: A Meta-Analysis. Marriage and Family Review, 53(7), 613–640. https://doi.org/10.1080/01494929.2016.1247761
Rohmah, M., Astikasari, N. D., & Weto, I. (2018). Analisis Pola Asuh Orang Tua Dengan Keterlambatan Bicara Pada Anak Usia 3-5 Tahun. OKSITOSIN : Jurnal Ilmiah Kebidanan, 5(1), 32–42. https://doi.org/10.35316/oksitosin.v5i1.358
Shetty, P. (2012). Speech and Language Delay in Children: A Review and the Role of a Pediatric dentist. Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, 30(2). https://doi.org/10.4103/0970-4388.99979
Singleton, N. C., & Saks, J. (2015). Co-Speech Gesture Input as a Support for Language Learning in Children With and Without Early Language Delay. Perspectives on Language Learning and Education, 22(2). https://doi.org/10.1044/lle22.2.61
Siregar, A. O., & Hazizah, N. (2019). Studi Kasus Keterlambatan Bicara Anak Usia 6 Tahun di Taman Kanak-Kanak. Aulad : Journal on Early Childhood, 2(2), 22–27. https://doi.org/10.31004/aulad.v2i2.31
Sunderajan, T., & Kanhere, S. V. (2019). Speech and language delay in children: Prevalence and risk factors. Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 8(5), 1642–1646. https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_162_19%0D
Sylvestre, A., Bussieres, E. L., & Bouchard, C. (2016). Language Problems Among Abused and Neglected Children: A Meta-Analytic Review. Child Maltreatment, 21(1), 47–58. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077559515616703
Taringan, H. G. (2008). Menyimak Sebagai Suatu Keterampilan Berbahasa. Angkasa.
Tirtawani, D., Suryani, N., & Adriani, R. B. (2016). The Relationship Between Child Nurturing Pattern, Family Support, and Language Competence in Children Aged 5-6 Years with Auditory Disorder. Journal of Maternal and Child Health, 1(3), 188–194. https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2016.01.03.06
Wallace, I. F., Berkman, N. D., Watson, L. R., Coyne-Beasley, T., Wood, C. T., K., C., & Lohr, K. N. (2015). Screening for Speech and Language Delay in Children 5 Years Old and Younger: A Systematic Review. Pediatrics, 136(2). https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2014-3889
Wijayaningsih, L. (2019). Peran Pola Asuh Orang Tua dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Bicara Anak Speech Delay (Studi Kasus Di Homeschooling Bawen Jawa Tengah). Satya Widya. https://doi.org/10.24246/j.sw.2018.v34.i2.p151-159
Yuliana., & Zahar, E. (2017). Analisis Bentuk-Bentuk Kerancuan Berbicara pada Anak Usia 3-5 Tahun. AKSARA, 1(1), 52–62.
Zed, M. (2008). Metode Penelitian Kepustakaan (1st ed.). Yayasan Obor Indonesia.