Akhlak Based Digital Literacy: Islamic Education's Role in Mitigating Adolescent Cyberbullyin Among Muslim Adolescents
The rapid development of information and communication technology has transformed social interaction patterns among adolescents, particularly through digital platforms such as social media and messaging applications. Along with these advancements, new challenges have emerged, including the rise of cyberbullying, which manifests in the form of insults, slander, threats, and other forms of online harassment. This phenomenon negatively affects adolescents’ mental health, self-esteem, and social well-being. For Muslim youth, cyberbullying is not only a social problem but also a moral issue that contradicts Islamic ethical principles. Islamic teachings emphasize kindness, responsibility, and respectful communication, both offline and online. This research employs a library research method to analyze the role of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) in addressing cyberbullying based on literature from credible academic sources. The findings reveal that PAI contributes significantly as a moral protector, a foundation for Islamic-based digital literacy, a medium for character development, and a guide for teachers to act as digital role models. Despite its effectiveness, challenges remain in curriculum relevance, digital integration, and teaching quality. Therefore, strengthening curriculum innovation, enhancing teacher competence, and fostering collaboration between schools, families, and communities are necessary to optimize the role of Islamic Religious Education in preventing cyberbullying.
Abdul Wahid Zaini. (2023). Beyond the Curriculum: Exploring the Influence of Islamic Values and Teacher Role Models on Student Character Formation. 9(1), 23–34. https://doi.org/10.33650/afkarina.v8i2.9389
Adawiyah, R., & Arifin, Moch. B. U. B. (2025). The Role of Islamic Social Media Etiquette in Shaping Students’ Online Behavior: A Case Study of Eighth-Grade MTs Students. Journal of Educational Research and Practice, 3(2), 307–320. https://doi.org/10.70376/jerp.v3i2.380
Adeni, S., & Harahap, M. A. (2025). Islamic Values and Digital Media Ethics in Santri-Family Communication in the Digital Era. INJECT (Interdisciplinary Journal of Communication), 10(1), 681–694. https://doi.org/10.18326/inject.v10i1.4536
Andok, M. (2023). Religious Filter Bubbles on Digital Public Sphere. Religions, 14(11), 1359. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel14111359
Baidi Bukhori, Nadya Ariyani Hasanah Nuriyyatiningrum, Khairani Zikrinawati, Liem, A., Wahib, A., & Darmuin Darmuin. (2024). Determinant factors of cyberbullying behaviour among Indonesian adolescents. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 29(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/02673843.2023.2295442
Bukhori, B., Nuriyyatiningrum, N. A. H., Zikrinawati, K., Liem, A., Wahib, A., & Darmu’in, D. (2024). Determinant factors of cyberbullying behaviour among Indonesian adolescents. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, Vol. 29, Article 2295442.
Chigbu, U. E., Atiku, S. O., & Du Plessis, C. C. (2023). The Science of Literature Reviews: Searching, Identifying, Selecting, and Synthesising. Publications, 11(1), 2. MDPI. https://doi.org/10.3390/publications11010002
Diyah Mintasih, Sukiman Sukiman, & Sigit Purnama. (2024). Integration of Digital Technology in Islamic Religious Education Learning: A Qualitative Study on Teachers’ Competence and Implementation Models in Secondary Schools. Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 13(1), 85–96. https://doi.org/10.14421/jpi.2024.131.85-96
Dossi, F., Buja, A., & Montecchio, L. (2022). Association between religiosity or spirituality and internet addiction: A systematic review. Frontiers in Public Health, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.980334
Guntur Putra Jaya, Idi Warsah, & Muhammad Istan. (2023). Kiat Penelitian Dengan Model Pendekatan Telaah Kepustakaan. TIK ILMEU Jurnal Ilmu Perpustakaan Dan Informasi, 7(1), 117–117. https://doi.org/10.29240/tik.v7i1.6494
Lopez, A. B., Huynh, V. W., & Fuligni, A. J. (2011). A Longitudinal Study of Religious Identity and Participation During Adolescence. Child Development, 82(4), 1297–1309. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2011.01609.x
Nova Mutiara Dewi, Nahidah J. Abdulhassan, Hafiz Abdul Quddoos (2024-2025). The Influence of Islamic Religious Education Learning in Forming Students' Character and Noble Morals. Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam Indonesia (JPAII), Vol. 6 No. 1.
Pham, P. T. L., Vu, V. T. H., Nguyen, N. H., & Nguyen, T. L. (2020). Online time, experience of cyber bullying and practices to cope with it among high school students in Hanoi. Health Psychology Open, 7(1), Article 2055102920935747
Putra, H. R., Rohmani, A. F., & Abdulhakim, L. (2025). Empowering Muslim Adolescents through Progressive Islamic Digital Literacy to Combat Cyberbullying. Multicultural Islamic Education Review, 3(1), 53–62. https://doi.org/10.23917/mier.v3i1.9916
Ruswandi, A., Junaedi, D., Abdul, A., & Rahmatullah, K. (2022). Uswah Hasanah as a Methodology of Islamic Education. TARBAWY: Indonesian Journal of Islamic Education, 9(2), 168–183. https://doi.org/10.17509/t.v9i2.46384
Selly, S., None Laila Nursafitri, None Iri Hamzah, None Rita Zunarti, None Darmanto, None Fitriyah, None Bima Fandi Asy'arie, & Muhammad, N. (2024). Innovative Digital Media in Islamic Religious Education Learning. Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam, 21(1), 40–59. https://doi.org/10.14421/jpai.v21i1.7553
Siregar, M. N., Rahman, R., Zailani, Z., Darussamin, Z., Abduh, M. A., M, A., & Darusman, D. (2025). Literary Ethics In The Perspective Of Ḥadīth And Its Implications For Gen Z In Facing The Digital Era. Tajdid: Jurnal Ilmu Ushuluddin, 24(1), 108–143. https://doi.org/10.30631/tjd.v24i1.552
Suryani, Fahmi, M., Mustofa, A., & Muhammad Syifaul Muntafi. (2024). Digital Literacy Based on Islamic Values to Improve Risk Perception and Critical Thinking among Muslim Adolescents. Psikis Jurnal Psikologi Islami, 10(1), 80–90. https://doi.org/10.19109/psikis.v10i1.19067