Pergeseran Kepercayaan Media dan Pembentukan Opini di Kalangan Generasi Muda Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58518/alamtara.v10i1.3957Kata Kunci:
Pergeseran Kepercayaan Media, Generasi Muda Indonesia, Media Alternatif, Pembentukan Opini PublikAbstrak
Penelitian ini menyelidiki pergeseran kepercayaan media dan pola pembentukan opini publik di kalangan generasi muda Indonesia (18-30 tahun) di tengah dominasi media alternatif digital. Menggunakan pendekatan mixed methods dengan desain eksplanatori sekuensial, data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner semi-terstruktur terhadap 51 mahasiswa Komunikasi UIN Tulungagung yang dipilih secara acak. Temuan utama mengungkap: (1) Media sosial (Instagram, TikTok, Twitter) menjadi saluran informasi primer bagi 78,4% responden, dengan frekuensi akses media alternatif (86,3% sering/sangat sering) jauh melampaui media mainstream (70,6% kadang/jarang); (2) Kepercayaan pada media alternatif (47,1%) lebih tinggi daripada media mainstream (25,5%), didorong persepsi kebebasan ekspresi (60,8%) dan kecepatan update (54,9%), sementara distrust terhadap mainstream terutama disebabkan intervensi pemilik modal (72,5%) dan keterikatan politik (56,9%); (3) Media alternatif memiliki pengaruh lebih kuat (35,3% sangat memengaruhi) terhadap pembentukan opini sosio-politik dibandingkan mainstream (31,4%), khususnya dalam memobilisasi partisipasi gerakan sosial (68,6% terlibat, 74,5% dipicu alternatif); (4) Terjadi paradoks literasi digital di mana 92,2% responden percaya diri navigasi digital tetapi hanya 31,4% rutin melakukan verifikasi konten dan 49% kesulitan membedakan fakta-opini; serta (5) Fragmentasi ruang informasi ditandai oleh echo chambers (63% mengikuti akun sepemikiran) dan filter bubbles (32%). Penelitian ini menyoroti urgensi penguatan literasi media kritis, transformasi model bisnis media yang transparan, dan kebijakan co-regulasi untuk membangun ekosistem informasi yang sehat dan deliberatif bagi masa depan demokrasi digital Indonesia.
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