Menuju Kerangka Integratif Pendidikan Prenatal dalam Al-Qur'an: Penafsiran Quraish Shihab terhadap QS. Āli 'Imrān: 35
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58518/alfurqan.v9i1.4822Kata Kunci:
Pendidikan Prenatal Qur'ani, Tafsir al-Misbāḥ, QS. Āli 'Imrān:35, Pengasuhan IslamiAbstrak
Perkembangan kajian psikologi perkembangan, neurosains, dan kesehatan prenatal menunjukkan bahwa masa sebelum kelahiran merupakan fase yang sangat menentukan bagi perkembangan manusia. Namun, kajian pendidikan Islam masih lebih banyak berfokus pada pendidikan pascakelahiran, sementara landasan pendidikan prenatal dalam Al-Qur'an belum banyak dikaji secara komprehensif. Penelitian ini bertujuan merekonstruksi konsep pendidikan prenatal Qur'ani melalui penafsiran Quraish Shihab terhadap QS. Āli 'Imrān:35 dalam Tafsir al-Misbāḥ. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif berbasis studi kepustakaan dengan metode tafsir tematik (mawḍū'ī) dan analisis isi. Penafsiran Quraish Shihab dianalisis secara dialogis dengan berbagai temuan kontemporer dalam psikologi prenatal, neurosains perkembangan, dan kesehatan ibu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tiga prinsip utama yang membentuk kerangka pendidikan prenatal Qur'ani. Pertama, komitmen orang tua melalui nazar menjadi landasan etis bagi perencanaan pendidikan sejak sebelum kelahiran. Kedua, komunikasi spiritual melalui doa memperkuat ketahanan psikologis ibu sekaligus membangun ikatan prenatal antara ibu dan janin. Ketiga, tawakkal berfungsi sebagai mekanisme koping spiritual yang mendukung kesejahteraan psikologis ibu, mengurangi stres, serta menciptakan kondisi yang kondusif bagi perkembangan janin. Ketiga prinsip tersebut menunjukkan bahwa pendidikan prenatal dalam Al-Qur'an bersifat preventif sekaligus formatif dengan mengintegrasikan dimensi spiritual, psikologis, dan biologis kehamilan. Penelitian ini berkontribusi pada pengembangan teori pendidikan Islam melalui rekonstruksi kerangka pendidikan prenatal Qur'ani yang menjembatani tafsir klasik dengan temuan ilmiah kontemporer, sekaligus menyediakan dasar konseptual bagi pengembangan pendidikan pengasuhan Islami, konseling prenatal, dan program kesehatan maternal berbasis nilai-nilai Islam.
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